Dr Mahathir turns 100: A century of vision and leadership

Malaysia today marks a momentous occasion as the nation’s longest-serving prime minister, Dr Mahathir Mohamad, celebrates his 100th birthday — a rare and historic milestone for any country, and one that shines a spotlight on a statesman whose leadership left a deep and lasting imprint on national and global affairs.

Often referred to as the architect of modern Malaysia, Mahathir served two terms as prime minister — from 1981 to 2003, and again from 2018 to 2020. 

His more than two decades in office were characterised by economic transformation, infrastructure development and Malaysia’s growing international reputation.

Mahathir entered politics in the post-independence era and quickly rose to prominence with his firm views on self-determination, economic reform and education. Under his leadership, Malaysia made the transition from a commodity-based economy to a modern industrialised nation.

His first premiership saw the establishment of key institutions, mega infrastructure projects, and policies aimed at reducing poverty and narrowing the socioeconomic gap between ethnic groups.

His second term in office, beginning in 2018 at age 92, came as a response to public dissatisfaction over governance and corruption. His return was historic, making him the oldest serving head of government in the world at the time.

Launched in 1991, Mahathir's Vision 2020 was his most ambitious national agenda. The blueprint aimed to make Malaysia a fully developed country by 2020, defined not merely by income but by social cohesion, ethical leadership, and scientific progress.

The vision was built on nine strategic challenges, such as forging a united national identity; building a moral and democratic society; fostering economic justice, and cultivating a progressive, science-driven culture.

He said: "We must aim to be not just a rich country, but a great country, respected, admired, and loved by our people and others."

Although Vision 2020 was not fully realised by its target year, it served as a guiding framework that shaped policies across successive administrations.

Beyond Malaysia, Mahathir is known as a strong advocate for Muslim causes and a consistent critic of global injustice. His vocal support for Palestine, criticism of Western double standards, and calls for solidarity among Muslim nations earned him admiration across the Islamic world.

His remarks often drew international scrutiny, but for many in the global South, he remained a symbol of courage and independence.

Despite his accolades, Mahathir’s political journey has not been without controversy. His leadership style and handling of democratic institutions drew criticism from civil society groups and opposition parties.

Yet, few would dispute his contributions to national development, particularly during the 1997 Asian financial crisis, when Malaysia chose a path of economic self-reliance, resisting pressure from international financial institutions.

As the country marks his centenary, Mahathir remains a prominent voice in national discourse. His influence can still be felt in Malaysia’s administrative capital, its highways, its hospitals, and its schools.

From urban megaprojects to the ideological underpinnings of national policy, his mark is unmistakable.

At 100, Mahathir is not just a witness to Malaysian history; he is one of its central architects. 

His longevity in public life, his clarity of vision, and his tireless service offer Malaysians a moment to reflect on how far the nation has come, and what values must carry it forward.