All a board: inside Thailand’s bid to wire the world’s AI boom

Printed circuit boards (PCBs) are the copper-laced panels inside every mobile phone, car key fob, digital camera and data-centre server rack on Earth. Without them, even the most advanced AI chip would be useless, unable to process even a single line of code.

This year alone, more than 1 million square metres (10.8 million sq ft) of PCBs will roll out of WellTek Electronics’ factory in Ayutthaya – just one company’s contribution to Thailand

’s scramble for an edge in the global tech supply chain.

“They are essential to our daily life. They are in all electronics you are using,” said WellTek founder Jennifer Deng, who established the Thai subsidiary of her China-based Jiangxi Welgao Electronics in Ayutthaya two years ago.

Thailand is now Southeast Asia’s No 1 producer of PCBs – often described as the nervous system of modern electronics, channelling essential signals through increasingly complex arrays of semiconductors, resistors and capacitors – and the fifth largest in the world.